Cov khoom ntawm tooj liab
1. Kev ua tau zoo
Toojyog ib hom tooj liab dawb huv. Feem ntau nws tuaj yeem suav tias yog tooj liab ntshiab. Nws muaj cov hluav taws xob zoo conductivity thiab plasticity, tab sis tsis muaj zog thiab hardness. Tooj liab muaj zoo thermal conductivity, ductility thiab corrosion kuj. Cov kab impurities hauv tooj liab muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau hluav taws xob thiab thermal conductivity ntawm tooj liab. Ntawm lawv, titanium, phosphorus, hlau, silicon, thiab lwm yam ua rau txo cov hluav taws xob conductivity, thaum cadmium, zinc, thiab lwm yam muaj cov nyhuv me me. Cov khoom solubility ntawm leej faj, selenium, tellurium, thiab lwm yam nyob rau hauv tooj liab yog heev me me, thiab lawv muaj peev xwm tsim nkig tebchaw nrog tooj liab, uas muaj me ntsis cuam tshuam rau conductivity, tab sis yuav txo tau cov plasticity ua.
Tooj liab muaj corrosion kuj zoo nyob rau hauv cov huab cua, dej hiav txwv, tej yam uas tsis yog-oxidizing acids (hydrochloric acid, dilute sulfuric acid), alkali, ntsev tov thiab ntau yam organic acids (acetic acid, citric acid) thiab yog siv nyob rau hauv kev lag luam tshuaj. Tsis tas li ntawd, tooj liab muaj qhov zoo weldability thiab tuaj yeem ua rau ntau yam khoom siv ua tiav thiab cov khoom tiav los ntawm kev ua cov yas txias thiab kub. Nyob rau xyoo 1970, cov khoom siv tooj liab tau tshaj tawm tag nrho ntawm lwm hom tooj liab alloys.
2. Lub cev muaj zog
Cov kab impurities hauv tooj liab muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau hluav taws xob thiab thermal conductivity ntawm tooj liab. Ntawm lawv, titanium, phosphorus, hlau, silicon, thiab lwm yam ua rau txo cov hluav taws xob conductivity, thaum cadmium, zinc, thiab lwm yam muaj cov nyhuv me me. Cov khoom solubility ntawm oxygen, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, thiab lwm yam nyob rau hauv tooj liab yog heev me me, thiab muaj peev xwm tsim nkig tebchaw nrog tooj liab, uas muaj me ntsis cuam tshuam rau conductivity, tab sis yuav txo tau cov plasticity. Thaum cov tooj liab zoo tib yam yog cua sov hauv qhov chaw txo qis uas muaj hydrogen lossis carbon monoxide, hydrogen lossis carbon monoxide yooj yim cuam tshuam nrog lub khob oxide (Cu2O) ntawm cov ciam teb kom tsim cov dej kub siab lossis cov pa roj carbon dioxide, uas tuaj yeem ua rau tooj liab. tawg. Qhov tshwm sim no feem ntau hu ua "hydrogen kab mob" ntawm tooj liab. Oxygen yog teeb meem rau lub weldability ntawm tooj liab. Bismuth los yog txhuas ua cov ntsiab lus qis-melting-point eutectic nrog tooj liab, ua rau tooj liab ua thermally brittle; thiab thaum brittle bismuth tau muab faib rau hauv ib zaj duab xis nyias ntawm cov ciam teb, nws ua rau tooj liab ua txias nkig. Phosphorus tuaj yeem txo qhov conductivity ntawm tooj liab, tab sis tuaj yeem ua kom cov kua dej ntawm tooj liab thiab txhim kho weldability. Kev tsim nyog ntawm cov hlau lead, tellurium, sulfur, thiab lwm yam tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ua haujlwm. Chav tsev kub tensile lub zog ntawm tooj liab annealed ntawv yog 22 ~ 25 kgf / hli, elongation yog 45 ~ 50%, thiab Brinell hardness (HB) yog 35 ~ 45. Lub thermal conductivity ntawm tooj liab ntshiab yog 386.4w / (mk).
